Concept:Artificial pollination helps breeders create improved crop varieties by combining desirable traits.
Explanation:Artificial pollination is the deliberate transfer of pollen from one plant to another by human action.
It is carried out manually instead of relying on natural agents such as wind, insects, or birds.
In plant breeding, this method is used to cross two different varieties of the same crop.
The aim is to combine the best qualities of both parent plants in a single offspring.
For example, a high-yielding variety can be crossed with a disease-resistant variety.
The new plant that results may show improved yield, better quality, or stronger resistance.
This process therefore leads to the improvement of the variety of crops, which is the main goal of breeding programmes.
Artificial pollination does not lengthen the maturity time of crops; breeders select for fast or suitable maturation.
It does not make crops susceptible to disease, because resistance is often one of the traits being selected for.
The production of healthy crops is a possible benefit, but the direct effect of the technique is variety improvement.
Answer:D. Improvement of the variety of crops