Concept:The federal character principle and quota system are policies aimed at ensuring fair and balanced representation in public institutions across Nigeria.
Explanation:The federal character principle requires that appointments into public service reflect the diverse ethnic and geographical composition of the country.
The quota system sets aside specific proportions of opportunities (such as admissions and employment) for different states and regions.
These provisions were entrenched in the 1979 constitution to prevent any single ethnic group or region from dominating key sectors of national life.
By distributing positions and resources fairly among all groups, the policies give every Nigerian a sense of belonging and foster national unity.
They also reduce feelings of marginalisation and promote stability and harmony in the public service.
The central aim is therefore to achieve equity for all segments of the society.
Answer:C. Equity