Concept:A confederal system is one where the component units hold more power than the central government.
Explanation:In a confederal system, independent states create a weak central authority.
Each component unit retains most of its sovereignty and legislative power.
The central government only handles matters the units agree to give it, such as defence or foreign affairs.
In contrast, a unitary system gives the central government strong control over the entire country.
A federal system shares power between the central and component governments, but neither is entirely subordinate.
A monarchical system refers to rule by a king or queen, not the distribution of power between levels of government.
Therefore, the system in which component units have more power than the central government is the confederal system.
Answer:D. Confederal