Concept:A referendum gives citizens the power to vote directly on a specific proposal, law, or policy.
Explanation:It is a form of direct democracy.
The whole electorate is asked to accept or reject a particular decision.
Unlike an election, which chooses representatives, a referendum lets the people decide the issue themselves.
This means no major change can take place without the direct approval of the citizens.
Thus, the process upholds the principle that government decisions require the consent of the governed.
Answer:C. decisions are effected with the consent of citizens.