Concept:The Alaafin of Oyo was not an absolute ruler because his powers were limited by traditional institutions.Explanation:The Alaafin governed according to the unwritten constitution of the Oyo Empire.He shared authority with the Oyo Mesi, a council of senior chiefs, and other traditional bodies.These institutions could check his decisions and even demand his removal in extreme cases.Thus, the Alaafin ruled under a system of constitutional monarchy, not dictatorship.Answer:C. a constitutional monarch