Concept:Judicial independence is the principle that courts and judges must be free from external pressure when deciding cases.Explanation:The concept does not merely mean avoiding interference in legislative or executive affairs.It means that every possible channel through which the legislature or executive could influence judicial decisions must be completely removed.This ensures that judges are not exposed to threats, manipulation, or control by other branches of government.Answer:D. All means of legislative or executive influence on judicial decision making must be disabled.