Concept:Separation of powers divides government into separate branches to prevent concentration of authority and protect liberty.
Explanation:Baron de Montesquieu first clearly formulated this theory.
He explained it in his famous work The Spirit of the Laws, published in
1748.
Montesquieu argued that freedom is safer when governmental power is not held by one single body.
He identified three distinct branches: legislative, executive, and judicial.
These branches should operate independently and check one another to prevent tyranny.
Jean Bodin and Lord Bryce discussed government, but they did not originate this doctrine.
Answer:C. Baron de Montesquieu