Concept:The Tukulor Empire was a Muslim theocratic state established in West Africa.
Its founder was the leader Al-Ḥajj ʿUmar.
Explanation:The Tukulor Empire is also spelled Tukolor or Toucouleur.
It emerged in West Africa during the nineteenth century.
The empire extended from Senegal in the west to Timbuktu in the east.
Al-Ḥajj ʿUmar was a Muslim cleric and military commander.
He founded the empire through religious leadership and military conquest.
His full name is often written as El Hadj Umar Tall.
Under his rule, the empire established a Muslim theocratic government.
It controlled major trade routes and spread Islamic influence in the region.
The empire is historically acknowledged as the Tukulor Empire of West Africa.
Answer:The correct option is C: Al-Ḥajj ʿUmar.