Concept:The trading account includes only direct costs linked to the purchase and sale of goods.
Carriage inwards is one such direct cost.
Explanation:Carriage inwards is the transport expense paid by the buyer for bringing purchased goods to the business premises.
It is directly related to purchases, so it is added to the cost of purchases in the trading account.
Discount allowed is an expense, but it is shown in the profit and loss account.
Discount received is an income, so it also appears in the profit and loss account.
Carriage outwards is the delivery expense for sending goods to customers, so it is treated as an operating expense in the profit and loss account.
Therefore, among the given options, only carriage inwards is recorded as a trading account item.
Answer:D. carriage inwards.