Concept:Rocks formed by the deposition and compaction of weathered material are called sedimentary rocks.
Explanation:When rocks weather, they break into small particles such as sand, silt, and clay.
Water, wind, or ice transports these loose materials from one place to another.
In quiet environments like riverbeds, lakes, or oceans, the transported materials settle and accumulate in horizontal layers.
Over long periods, the weight of overlying layers compresses the lower layers.
Dissolved minerals also act as cement, binding the particles together.
This process of deposition, compaction, and cementation forms solid rock.
Such rocks often show distinct layers and may contain fossils.
Igneous rocks form from cooled magma, while metamorphic rocks form from heat and pressure, so they do not match the description.
Thus, the rock formed from materials transported and deposited by water is sedimentary rock.
Answer:A. sedimentary rock