Concept:Contribution is the principle that prevents an insured person from profiting by claiming the same loss from more than one insurance company.
Explanation:When the same property is insured by two or more companies, the insured may claim from any of them.
However, the total amount recovered from all companies cannot be more than the actual value of the loss.
Each insurer pays only its proportionate share of the claim.
This share is calculated based on the amount for which that company insured the property.
Together, the payments made by all insurers exactly equal the actual loss suffered.
Thus, the insured receives full compensation but no extra profit.
This is different from indemnity, which is the general concept of covering losses.
Contribution works between insurers to divide the burden fairly.
It applies only when multiple policies cover the same risk and the same insurable interest.
Therefore, the specific principle described in the question is contribution.
Answer:B. contribution