(x− 1x)2=x2−2+ 1x2\left(x - \;\frac{1}{x}\right)^{2} = x^{2} - 2 + \;\frac{1}{x^{2}}(x−x1)2=x2−2+x21
∫(x2+ 1x2−2) dx\int \left(x^{2} + \;\frac{1}{x^{2}} - 2\right) \, dx∫(x2+x21−2)dx
= ∫(x2+x−2−2) dx\int \left(x^{2} + x^{-2} - 2\right) \, dx∫(x2+x−2−2)dx
= x33−2x− 1x\;\frac{x^{3}}{3} - 2x - \;\frac{1}{x}3x3−2x−x1