Concept:The doctrine that keeps the judiciary independent from the executive and the legislature is known as separation of powers.
Explanation:Separation of powers is a political principle that divides the functions of government among three distinct organs.
These organs are the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary.
Each organ has its own separate role and responsibilities.
The principle ensures that no single branch can control or interfere with the work of another.
In particular, the judiciary is kept free from any influence or pressure by the executive and the legislature.
This independence allows courts to act fairly and impartially while interpreting laws and settling disputes.
Therefore, the term described in the question, which focuses on keeping the judiciary separate and free from the other branches, is the separation of powers.
Answer:C. separation of powers