Concept:The standardization of the Qur'an into a single written text is associated with the third caliph.
Explanation:After the death of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), many Quranic memorizers were martyred in battles.
Uthman b. Affin noticed that Muslims were reciting the Qur'an with different dialects and readings.
To prevent disagreements, he formed a committee from the companions of the Prophet.
This committee copied and arranged the Qur'an into one standard mushaf.
Then, Uthman sent copies of this standardized text to different provinces.
Thus, the official standardization of the Qur'an took place during his caliphate.
Answer:C. Uthman b. Affin.