The expected total volume of soil and water = 52cm3+48cm3=100cm3cm^3 + 48cm^3= 100cm^3cm3+48cm3=100cm3
Given total volume of soil and water = 78cm3cm^3cm3
Difference in total volume = 100cm3−78cm3cm^3 - 78cm^3cm3−78cm3 = 22cm3cm^3cm3
So, this difference represents air space in the soil sample = 22cm3cm^3cm3